CONTENT
ÁRMIN DONÁT:
OFFICER-CANDIDATES FOR THE HOMELAND
(Reminiscences From the Time of the Revolution and War of
Independence in 1956)
The author living at Szombathely, in 1956 was a
candidate of Officer's College for Armoured and Mechanized Troops
"Dózsa György", at Tata. His detachment was sent to
Budapest to fight against the rebels. They, however, were
changing sides helping the Revolution and participated in the
nation's War of Independence. The memoir relates about the
patrols, battle-baptism, fights around the Hungarian Radio,
street battles against the Soviet aggressors as well as the
breakout from the Soviets' ring on 4th November - with
the authenticity of a star-witness. During all these, lots of
interesting moments, characteristic human behaviours are flashing
from the everyday life of the War of Independence. Lastly, the
author relates about his experiences during the revenges and his
personal vicissitudes.
LÁSZLÓ KRIZSÁN:
SCIENCE IN THE DOCK
(Popular Court Trial of László Almásy)
László Almásy, the Africa-explorer, recognized
among the greatest and most renowned explorers of the 20th
century, during 1945-46, following several arrests and Russian
imprisonment, has been sued with the charge of war and
anti-humanity crimes. From the remaining documents it is clear
that a conceptual lawsuit has been prepared against the explorer,
based on fake charges. The outcome of the lawsuit has been
substantially influenced by a misinterpreted declaration of a
political leader, the later dictator of the country as a result
of which László Almásy has been set free from the charge of
being a war criminal, nevertheless, the documents of the lawsuit
remain a sad reminiscence of the Hungarian public life and
political relations formed after 1945.
ZSOLT BAJZIK: CASTLES IN
VAS COUNTY DURINGTHE HUNGARIAN COUNCIL REPUBLIC
(Part I.)
The council government constituted on 21st
March 1919 stated that the large estates, mines, large
manufactures, banks and traffic companies would be socialized. In
the beginnings only the smaller objects, the traffic and
transportation means were confiscated from their owners.
Afterwards, the huge values collected in castles have also been
noticed and the Vas County directorate issued a commission for
the exact and detailed inventory and gathering of the objects
being in the empty and confiscated castles. After the collapse of
the Council Republic, the new government has returned the
wrongfully confiscated estates, castles and valuables. The second
part of the study lists the valuables registered in Vas County.
REZSŐ SZÍJ: THE DERKOVITS-LEGEND
The socialism-related literature about Gyula Derkovits
still disseminates opinions regarding the misery and starvation
of the painter condemning the Hungarian institutions between the
two World Wars and the collector's society. The present study
presents in an itemized manner that taking into consideration the
successfulness and income of Derkovits these statements cannot be
sustained any longer.
ATTILA KATONA-ÁKOS
MAGYAR: "WE WANTED A NEW WORLD:DEMOCRATIC, HUMAN,
HUNGARIAN"
(A conversation with Rezső Szíj)
Dr. Rezső Szíj is 85-year-old, he is a Reformat
priest, historian, writer, editor, art historian, the president
of the Ottó Herman Society and the Molnár Szenci Society, as
well as director and literary director of the Society's
publishing house. He published almost two thousand longer or
shorter works of him. He is teaching at the Reformat University
"Károli Gáspár". Between 1939-1946 he lived at
Sárvár. In the mid-40's he was the County organizer, leader and
representative of the National Farmer's Party. The conversation
deals mainly with this period.
ANTAL KÁROLYI:
REMEMBERING GYULA WÄLDER, THE ARCHITECT
(1884-1944)
The reminiscences of the author: Antal Károlyi - late
chief architect of Vas County - are now published by his
daughter. The memoir could not been published at that time
because of cultural policy reasons. Gyula Wälder, born at
Szombathely, was the professor of the Technical University of
Budapest and later the Rector of the University. As an architect
designing many of the significant buildings in the country, he
became a denominator of a tendency of a great effect in the
period between the two World Wars. Antal Károlyi remembers Gyula
Wälder as a student of him, his personality and his
architectural work. The author states that the Walder-school has
represented in our country the tendency being far away from the
German constructivism, being moderately progressive, fitting
better into the Hungarian landscape, wearing national traces as
well and the significance of which has not yet been recognized by
our architectural history. Although Gyula Wälder designed only a
few buildings at Szombathely, the city-organization plan compiled
with his cooperation in 1922 has determined for decades the
characteristics of Szombathely's development.
BERNADETT ZÁDROVICH: THE
EPITAPHS OF THE CEMETERY OF PERESZNYE
(The Past, Present and Future of Bilingualism)
The author presents the tendencies and causes of the
bilingual epitaphs from the turn of the century to our days. She
continuously records the epitaphs in the public cemetery of
Peresznye, a western Hungarian settlement inhabited mostly by
Gradi>e Croatians. The gravestones show different degrees of
bilingualism. There are Croatian language epitaphs containing
only one or two Hungarian words. The greatest variety can be
experienced in the case of written names. The bilingual
introductory and ending phrases are also increasing the number of
bilingual inscriptions. The author summarizes the main reasons
for the bilingual inscriptions in six points: 1. historical
events; 2. political changes; 3. the settlement's geographical
location and language environment; 4. psychological reasons; 5.
linguistic reasons; 6. linguistic policy. According to the
author, taking into consideration the tendencies of the past and
present, the dominance of inscriptions in a single language can
be expected in the future.
LÁSZLÓ MAKRA-SZILVIA HORVÁTH-JÁNOS PUSKÁS-ISTVÁN SÓDAR:METEOROLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSEIN 1999 IN VAS COUNTY
On 11th August 1999 we could witness a rare
astronomical phenomenon along the Szombathely-Siófok-Szeged
line. The study has been prepared on the basis of meteorological
facts observed in Vas County. The author's analysis includes data
regarding radiation temperature relative humidity and wind speed
measured during the solar eclipse. The results of data processing
in Vas County might become important elements to the future
comparative studies.
LÁSZLÓ NOWINSZKY-JÁNOS PUSKÁS-ISTVÁN FARKAS-LÁSZLÓ MOLNÁR-GYÖRGY TÓTH-HERCZIG BÉLA-MIKLÓS KISS: LIGTH-TRAPPING EXPERIMENTDURING THE TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE ON 11TH AUGUST 1999
The circadian rhythm of the insects flying at
nighttime is influenced by the lighting circumstances of the
environment. The specialized literature does not contain any
study that examines the activity of insects by light-trapping
during the dark occurring during the total solar eclipse. The
study relates about the experiment carried out during the total
solar eclipse on 11th August 1999 by a research group
constituted of professionals from multiple fields. During the
solar eclipse, the light-trapping experiment was unsuccessful
both at Tanakajd and at the two other settlements in Vas County:
Oszkó and Celldömölk. The decreases in lighting experienced at
nightfall and at the solar eclipse are differing in both the
degree and period. During the solar eclipse the low lighting (10
lux) that would allow some insects to fly, lasts only a few
moments. Therefore, the unsuccessfulness of the collection
experiment is completely understandable.
ATTILA J. KOVÁCS-DÉNES BARTHA: BOTANIC RESEARCHESIN THE WESTERN-TRANSDANUBIA AT THE END OF THE CENTURY
The paper is a published version of the lecture
delivered on the festive meeting of the Botanic Department of the
Hungarian Biology Association that reviewed the dynamically
developing botanical researches of the last decade (1991-1999) of
the twentieth century. The publications are well showing the role
and professional value of the regional research workshops
(Western Hungarian University, Berzsenyi Dániel College, Savaria
Museum) and their publications (KANITZIA, TILIA, SAVARIA). Among
the most important botanical results of the last decade there
are: the biodiversity research in the border-region (former Iron
Curtain Zone), the botanical exploration of the
Kőszeg-Mountains, Sopron-Mountains as well as the Őrség.